Oh right, I think I see what you mean now!
The amount of Vertices in the Circle, does make a difference; the Bevel Input, can’t make a low-poly circle into a high-poly circle.
It has more to do with the angle between Faces, than with the amount of Geometry.
To be honest, this goes rather deep (especially for a beginner).
But as Omar already mentioned, the Input Bevel Node, is not used that much.
It’s just good to know it’s there, because in some special cases, it can be an absolute life-saver!