I wouldn’t say there’s any firm *rules* about 5+ poles and where they can or cannot be located in a mesh topology. Generally you want to avoid them in highly-deforming areas like a joint (elbow, shoulder, ankle etc). But the higher density the mesh the less consequential 5+ poles becomes.
In the case of Piero’s body, the topology is actually much less important since it’s completely covered in feathers. But I try to keep it best practices regardless. Practically it means that I can accept a pole or triangle with less worry.