Hi Deb,
Maybe it’s preference/
Beveling can create Triangles and NGons, which is not always ideal. (Talking about Subdiv Modeling here.)
What I do is using a combination of Edge Loops and Inset.
In the case of a default Cube, Beveling would certainly ne a lot faster and easier than adding Edlge Loops, but in real models, it rarely gives me an advantage. Also, manually placed Edge Loops are easier to control for me (mainly because I am used to them.)
For instance:
Beveling on the other hand, can be done with a Modifier. Whether you prefer to adjust Weights of Edges or Vertices, or to slide Edge Loops around, is up to you.
There are situations where Beveling is easier, but I tend to stick with Edge Loops.
I have never been in a situation, where manually placing Edge Loops didn’t work. (Especially when used in combination with Inset.)
So, I’d recommend, when in doubt, try out both methods ad see what you like better, feel more comfortable with. After some time, you’ll be able to just look at a model and know which method to use in that situation.
There are no hard rules.